PNEUMA consists of a set of modules that are used to simulate the autoregulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems under conditions of changing sleep-wake state and a variety of physiological and pharmacological interventions. It models the dynamic interactions that take place among the various component mechanisms, including those involved in the chemical control of breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure, as well as the effects of changes in the sleep-wake state and arousal from sleep.
PNEUMA includes the autonomic control of the cardiovascular system, chemoreflex and state-related control of breath-to-breath ventilation, state-related and chemoreflex control of upper airway potency, as well as respiratory and circulatory mechanics. The model is capable of simulating the cardiorespiratory responses to sleep onset, arousal, mechanical ventilation or continuous positive airway pressure, and the administration of inhaled carbon dioxide and oxygen.
PNEUMA is programmed using Simulink (The Mathworks, Natick, MA), which provides a graphical environment that allows the user to easily convert control block diagrams into networks of blocks of mathematical functions. Modular design and open architecture of PNEUMA makes it flexible for virtual experiments on the cardiovascular and respiratory control, on the one hand, and permits user contribution to the existing model compartments, on the other. Another important advantage of PNEUMA is transportability of the model across different computer platforms and operating systems.
PNEUMA has been developed as a part of the Service function of the Biomedical Simulations Resource (BMSR) at the University of Southern California. It is distributed and supported by the BMSR at no charge to the user under the terms of a Release Agreement. We ask that all users of PNEUMA provide us with a completed Release Agreement, which will allow us to maintain a complete database of PNEUMA users.
PNEUMA2007
Requirements
PNEUMA requires Matlab R2006a or higher with the accompanying version of Simulink to be installed on your computer.Features
- Improved user-friendly graphical interface (with Help Box)
- Model parameters may be adjusted more easily during simulation
- Better utilization of memory so that simulations of longer run-time durations can be implemented
- Ability to save simulation output for subsequent plotting/analysis as well as the ability for PNEUMA to read back the saved parameters/output for continuation of the previous simulation
PNEUMA2006
Requirements
PNEUMA requires that Matlab 6.5 with the accompanying version of Simulink to be installed on your computer.Features
- User-friendly graphical interface
- Model parameters may be adjusted during simulation
- Incorporation of sleep-wake control module, Valsalva and Muller maneuvers, CPAP, and other external interventions
- Ability to save simulation output for subsequent plotting/analysis
